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从网络系统安全评价和管理的角度出发,紧密结合可生存性定义和可生存性的四个特征属性,建立了面向管理员的网络可生存性量化模型;给出了该模型的算法流程;提出了面向管理员的网络可生存性计算公式,该公式中包括恢复率和系统状态转移矩阵的计算方法,反映出可生存性对网络空闲资源和恢复时间的要求;最后进行了面向管理员的网络可生存性计算的仿真实验,表明可以利用有限的网络资源实现高水平的网络可生存性。 相似文献
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由于各消防中队一般规模较小,对于较大规模的火灾需要多个消防队共同救护,此时若能够实现增援调度的最优化可以提高这些同时出现的火灾被全部扑灭的概率。利用多阶段动态规划对增援调度进行了研究,并分析了具体案例。通过分析得出此方法有助于改善消防资源分配状况,以实现最大程度地减小经济损失。 相似文献
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Testing provides essential information for managing infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When testing resources are scarce, an important managerial decision is who to test. This decision is compounded by the fact that potential testing subjects are heterogeneous in multiple dimensions that are important to consider, including their likelihood of being disease-positive, and how much potential harm would be averted through testing and the subsequent interventions. To increase testing coverage, pooled testing can be utilized, but this comes at a cost of increased false-negatives when the test is imperfect. Then, the decision problem is to partition the heterogeneous testing population into three mutually exclusive sets: those to be individually tested, those to be pool tested, and those not to be tested. Additionally, the subjects to be pool tested must be further partitioned into testing pools, potentially containing different numbers of subjects. The objectives include the minimization of harm (through detection and mitigation) or maximization of testing coverage. We develop data-driven optimization models and algorithms to design pooled testing strategies, and show, via a COVID-19 contact tracing case study, that the proposed testing strategies can substantially outperform the current practice used for COVID-19 contact tracing (individually testing those contacts with symptoms). Our results demonstrate the substantial benefits of optimizing the testing design, while considering the multiple dimensions of population heterogeneity and the limited testing capacity. 相似文献
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针对求解计算流体力学过程中图形处理器资源利用率低的问题,提出面向计算流体力学的图形处理器资源优化管理方案。基于计算流体力学的算法特性和同时运行任务的执行特点,设计合理的调度方案。通过动态改变不同任务的启动规模和启动时间,在减少资源竞争的同时提高图形处理器资源的有效使用。实验结果表明:本文提出的资源管理方案相比基线方法在不同任务规模下的平均加速比达到 1.64,对图形处理器的硬件资源使用也有了显著的提升。 相似文献
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针对装备维修工作中基本保障单元的人员优化问题,在维修过程中为保证以最少的人员在最短的时间内完成预定的维修任务,分析了修理工期与人员数量的关系,应用多目标约束理论建立了工期人员优化的多目标数学模型,通过预处理将模型转化为路径组合优化问题,并用改进的蚁群算法对模型的求解进行了研究,最后通过实例验证了优化模型及求解方法的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
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分析了目前云计算服务中存在的应用风险和安全隐患,并将其抽象为两方面的问题,即安全边界问题和用户服务资源映射问题。为了解决这两个方面的问题,根据云计算系统的实际需求,给出云计算服务的一种普适性的定义;在此定义基础上,提出了云计算服务的安全框架,并设计了云计算服务各层协议集合。在这个框架和协议集合下,分析了保证云计算服务正常执行所需的四方面要素,以及将诸要素较好地整合在一起的方法。 相似文献
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A well‐studied problem in airline revenue management is the optimal allocation of seat inventory among different fare‐classes, given a capacity for the flight and a demand distribution for each class. In practice, capacity on a flight does not have to be fixed; airlines can exercise some flexibility on the supply side by swapping aircraft of different capacities between flights as partial booking information is gathered. This provides the airline with the capability to more effectively match their supply and demand. In this paper, we study the seat inventory control problem considering the aircraft swapping option. For theoretical and practical purposes, we restrict our attention to the class of booking limit policies. Our analytical results demonstrate that booking limits considering the swapping option can be considerably different from those under fixed capacity. We also show that principles on the relationship between the optimal booking limits and demand characteristics (size and risk) developed for the fixed‐capacity problem no longer hold when swapping is an option. We develop new principles and insights on how demand characteristics affect the optimal booking limits under the swapping possibility. We also develop an easy to implement heuristic for determining the booking limits under the swapping option and show, through a numerical study, that the heuristic generates revenues close to those under the optimal booking limits. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
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We study a knapsack problem with an additional minimum filling constraint, such that the total weight of selected items cannot be less than a given threshold. The problem has several applications in shipping, e‐commerce, and transportation service procurement. When the threshold equals the knapsack capacity, even finding a feasible solution to the problem is NP‐hard. Therefore, we consider the case when the ratio α of threshold to capacity is less than 1. For this case, we develop an approximation scheme that returns a feasible solution with a total profit not less than (1 ‐ ε) times the total profit of an optimal solution for any ε > 0, and with a running time polynomial in the number of items, 1/ε, and 1/(1‐α). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013 相似文献